Vertical Machining Centers (Milling, CNC)

Machining centers are multi-operation machines. с  CNC, which can comprehensively machine 3D workpieces using a variety of tools. The machining centers are equipped with tool magazines and automatic tool change systems, which increases productivity.

Machine centers are distinguished by the presence of a work table, as rotating a part allows it to be machined from multiple sides without repositioning, significantly increasing productivity. Machining centers (or multi-operation machines) are sometimes equipped with additional tables (pallets) and automatic workpiece changers. 

The precision of axis movements in machining centers is ensured by servo drives and a CNC control system. On average, one machining center can replace three to five CNC machines or five to ten universal machines.

The most common type of machining center is the vertical milling machining center. Coolant delivery to the machining site, rather than through external flexible channels, increases machining speed and accuracy (both options are possible; through-spindle supply is optional).

The main advantage of vertical machining centers over cantilever milling machines is the ability to process larger and heavier parts. This is due to the special design of vertical machining centers, which ensures greater rigidity and machining accuracy. This is due to the fact that the spindle, rather than the table, moves vertically along the Z-axis guides, while the X- and Y-axis guides rest directly on the bed, which rests on a foundation.

Automatic tool changers in vertical machining centers have an average capacity of 24-30 units. This is because the diameter of the tool magazine drum (turret type), whose rotation axis is located either horizontally or vertically, is limited by the machine depth.

Vertical machining centers can optionally be equipped with rotary or tilt-and-turn tables, but this solution is only suitable for small parts, as the additional table (pallet) is much smaller than the standard one, and the vertical axis travel is also reduced. Special 5-axis machining centers are available for 5-axis machining.